What is the primary goal of using firewalls in network security?

The primary goal of using firewalls in network security is to block unauthorized access while permitting outward communication. Firewalls serve as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. They monitor incoming and outgoing traffic and use predetermined security rules to allow or block traffic.

By permitting outward communication, firewalls allow users within the organization to access resources on the internet or other external networks. At the same time, they actively work to prevent unauthorized users from gaining access to the internal network, protecting sensitive data and systems from potential threats. This approach balances the need for security with the need for legitimate network function, ensuring that business operations can continue unhindered while still maintaining a secure environment.

In contrast, optimizing network performance, encrypting data in transit, and analyzing all network traffic are important aspects of overall network security and performance but do not represent the primary function of firewalls. Firewalls specifically focus on controlling access to and from the network.