What role does antivirus software play in network security?

Antivirus software plays a crucial role in network security primarily by detecting and removing malicious software, commonly known as malware. This includes a variety of harmful programs, such as viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, and spyware that can compromise the integrity and confidentiality of data within a network. When antivirus software is installed and maintained, it actively monitors files and programs for known threats, scanning for signatures that match the malware in its database. Upon detecting a threat, the software can quarantine, delete, or repair the infected files, preventing potential damage to the system and safeguarding sensitive information.

The other choices do not accurately represent the primary function of antivirus software. While firewalls serve as a barrier to regulate incoming and outgoing network traffic, they do not eliminate the need for antivirus; both security measures complement each other. Speeding up an internet connection is not a function of antivirus software, which focuses on cybersecurity rather than network performance optimization. Similarly, user password management is typically handled by password managers or security policies, distinct from the malware detection and removal functions provided by antivirus software.