Which of the following represents a common type of cyber attack?

The man-in-the-middle attack is a common type of cyber attack where an attacker intercepts communication between two parties. This can occur in various forms, such as eavesdropping on data being transmitted or even altering the information being exchanged without either party being aware. The attacker essentially positions themselves in the communication path, hence the name "man-in-the-middle." This type of attack exploits vulnerabilities in network protocols, allowing the attacker to read or manipulate sensitive information like login credentials or financial transactions.

Understanding this type of attack is crucial for cybersecurity, as it highlights the importance of securing communication channels, implementing encryption, and using authenticated methods to confirm the identities of the parties involved in the communication. It underscores the need for vigilance in protecting personal and organizational data against potential interception and deceitful practices.

In contrast, other options such as data encryption, end-user training, and data redundancy are measures or strategies aimed at preventing or mitigating cyber attacks rather than representing types of attacks themselves. Data encryption helps protect data by ensuring that only authorized parties can access it. End-user training focuses on educating individuals about cyber threats and best practices for security. Data redundancy involves creating backups to protect against data loss. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the broad spectrum of cybersecurity concepts.